Trey Hunner 🐍

#Python & #Django educator & team trainer

I help folks sharpen their Python skills with https://PythonMorsels.com🐍🍪

#pythonoddity

Also a #humanist #YIMBY who is attempting more ethical eating (#vegetarian, not yet #vegan) and thinks #economics is highly underrated, but I don't post about those topics very often.

he/him

💌 My Weekly Newsletter: https://pym.dev/newsletter
🐍 Python Exercises: https://www.pythonmorsels.com
📺 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@PythonMorsels
🕸 Personal Blog: https://treyhunner.com

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Published at

2024-09-24T07:17:22Z

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Last Notes

2024-09-24 07:17:21

By default, __exit__ returns None, just as every function does by default.
Read more 👉 https://trey.io/LNesnG
#python

2024-09-23 18:47:34

Many functions in Python accept positional-only arguments, keyword-only arguments or unlimited positional arguments.
Read more 👉 https://trey.io/vrp702
#Python

2024-09-23 00:46:00

My shortest #Python screencast so far: using the "input" functin.
https://pym.dev/prompting-for-input/

2024-09-22 19:46:12

I'm missing the in person @npub1wcx…kjdc experience this year as well as the @npub1qxf…3u0l leadership summit that happened yesterday.
Missing you all. If you're attending in-person this year, I hope you have some great conversations. 💗 #DjangoCon

2024-09-20 12:05:18

The singleton pattern usually doesn't make sense in Python in its purest form.
Read more 👉 https://trey.io/RAvlR1
#Python

2024-09-19 21:38:01

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I'm curious what you find when comparing Claude 3.5 to GPT 4o for your tasks now.
The biggest thing I've missed having is image generation with DALL-E, but I never figured out how to do that very well. I've found Claude's ability to create and render SVGs really useful though.

2024-09-19 21:26:38

Based on how often I suggest to folks using Chat GPT to try Claude, you might think I'm sponsored by Anthropic.
I have no sense of brand loyalty with these tools, but I've been finding one of them more useful than the other (on average and for my uses) for a while now.

2024-09-19 18:47:19

For example, the help output for the dict class lists 4 different function signatures
Read more 👉 https://trey.io/vrp702
#Python

2024-09-17 23:36:29

I occasionally find myself amazed at how hostile many experienced programmers are toward resources aimed at explaining complex subjects to folks who are less experienced.
This amazement mostly comes after interactions on Reddit or Hacker News...

2024-09-17 15:43:00

You've asked for help on the built-in sorted() function in Python and you're shown this:
sorted(iterable, /, *, key=None, reverse=False)
What do all those symbols mean? And does this function accept generators or files? 🤔
I've written up an explanation of how to understand the output of #Python's help function. 🧩
https://pym.dev/understanding-help/

2024-09-17 12:25:42

By the time the __init__ method gets called, our class instance has already been constructed.
Read more 👉 https://trey.io/RAvlR1
#Python

2024-09-17 00:19:22

Note that the command-line interfaces for uuid and sqlite3 were both added in Python 3.12.
Read more 👉 https://trey.io/9v8gwb
#Python
https://files.mastodon.social/media_attachments/files/113/150/024/889/319/006/original/99b9f9920e269e41.jpg

2024-09-17 00:13:31

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first thought: mentioning a very large, possibly prime number to see how long the credit sequence takes to compute.

2024-09-16 00:46:01

Instead of &&, ||, and !, Python uses "and", "or", and "not".
New Pythonistas moving from other programming languages sometimes find this difficult to adjust to, but it's great for folks who have never written code.
https://pym.dev/boolean-operators/?watch

2024-09-13 23:50:09

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The virtual environment directory includes a .gitignore file which ignores *itself*... which means no changes to your repository's .gitignore are necessary. I had no idea this was possible and I love it.

2024-09-13 18:40:38

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The #Python 3.13 features I'm most excited about:
1. The new Python REPL 💖
2. Virtual environments being ignored by git by default! 😮
3. Two big PDB improvements: calling breakpoint() at the end of a code block works properly and Python expressions like help(x) and list(x) work properly! 🎉

2024-09-13 16:27:36

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I do remember that! 🙌

2024-09-13 11:58:20

Instead, it usually makes more sense to make a single instance of a class, and then assign that instance to a global variable in our module.
Read more 👉 https://trey.io/RAvlR1
#Python

2024-09-12 21:10:56

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if you find good ones I want to know! This is definitely something I'm interested in also.

2024-09-12 20:13:26

We didn't stick a bucket inside itself here, because that's physically impossible.
Read more 👉 https://trey.io/uvntzs
#Python
https://files.mastodon.social/media_attachments/files/113/126/408/569/985/225/original/4af79fe2845ff775.jpg

2024-09-12 16:52:27

What are your favorite new Python 3.13 features?
#Python

2024-09-11 20:13:40

I'd prefer to take this even further by wrapping parentheses around that first expression, to make it clearer that it's not actually part of the comprehension syntax itself.
Read more 👉 https://trey.io/djaxuq
#Python

2024-09-11 19:08:20

Stumbled upon another excellent Python 3.13 improvement: virtual environments are gitignore'd automatically.
All new virtual environment directories include their own .gitignore that ignores themselves.
Thank you @npub1nmm…0f6a! 💗
I'm so excited for having new learners start using 3.13 this in October. 😁

2024-09-11 12:56:34

Woke up before 5am for a very early client training and I find myself thinking this morning about how much I appreciate ambidextrous mugs. I get to see this image and folks watching me use this mug as a prop (or as an actual drinking vessel) get to see the same image.
https://files.mastodon.social/media_attachments/files/113/119/018/831/006/098/original/bd3ce87addb98fa6.jpg

2024-09-11 04:09:19

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I doubt it. But I bet a Python Discourse post under Ideas (or jumping straight to opening an issue) might prompt someone to work on it.

2024-09-10 21:54:03

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I've been using Python 3.13 while teaching for a few months now. I keep finding little exciting improvements.
I just discovered today that help(list) in PDB does the right thing now. This might seem small, but this annoyance is such a big win for me! 😂
https://docs.python.org/3.13/whatsnew/3.13.html#pdb

2024-09-10 19:46:57

In tomorrow's weekly #Python tip email, I'll be making the case for installing and trying out Python 3.13.0rc2.
My arguments so far:
1. Discover whether your code has issues with 3.13
2. Discover which third-party packages don't work yet (missing wheels often) and open an issue before 3.13 final is even released
3. Help the community out by identifying bugs *before* the final release
4. Try out fancy new features, like the new REPL.
Anything I might be missing? Or any counter points?

2024-09-10 07:17:22

"This performance difference likely isn't a concern with smaller strings, but it is something to keep in mind."
Read more 👉 https://trey.io/5gu5Fs
#python

2024-09-09 22:53:24

Instead of thinking of variables as buckets that contain objects, think of them as bindings, references, aliases, or pointers.
Read more 👉 https://trey.io/1m8zFT
#Python
https://files.mastodon.social/media_attachments/files/113/110/050/668/001/654/original/a2ff7d27fb8e213e.jpg

2024-08-21 22:32:39

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Since you don't want values but actual model objects instead, you may need to use a subquery.
This maybe?
subquery = (
ContainerBase.objects
.filter(cname=OuterRef('cname'))
.values('cname')
.annotate(max_ctime=Max('ctime'))
.values('max_ctime')
)
query = (
ContainerBase.objects
.annotate(max_ctime=Subquery(subquery))
.filter(ctime=F('max_ctime'))
.order_by('cname')
.distinct('cname')
)

2024-08-19 14:32:31

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replying to note the term Executive Function Theft, which I learned from @npub16y8…d455 yesterday and which seems relevant you describe this phenomenon.
https://hedgehoglibrarian.com/2023/08/14/executive-function-theft/

2024-08-19 04:01:59

A demonstration of how cleanly the continents fit together, even 200 years after Pangea split apart.
https://files.mastodon.social/media_attachments/files/112/986/668/695/369/961/original/88245142b034d7df.png

2024-08-19 00:46:00

Fun news, Python 3.14 will allow "python -m json" as well as "python -m json.tool".
This was my first code contribution to #Python. 🥳
It was a small but slow-rolling change (wrote an article months ago that had me wonder about the need for "json.tool", looked into it, got confirmation and encouragement from core devs that this might make sense to change, and made the change).
https://docs.python.org/3.14/whatsnew/3.14.html#json

2024-08-16 22:26:35

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git *mumble* b

2024-08-14 14:29:05

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direnv is the one I hear referenced most often.
Here's a short post by @npub1zgm…dan3 on it: https://hynek.me/til/python-project-local-venvs/
Personally I go the other way and use virtualenv-wrapper's workon command to do the directory change and virtual environment activation for me.

2024-08-09 13:21:05

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I did hit roadblocks but I can't even remember what they were at this point.
My biggest reason for sticking with selenium was probably that rewriting my various helper utilities for playwright didn't sound fun. This was before Chat GPT though, so that may be a less relevant concern now.

2024-08-06 15:43:01

How do you use large language models to help you code?
What's a common use you have? Any uses you've found particularly helpful?

2024-08-05 18:20:20

I've been wishing I had a tool that could take an arbitrary date/datetime string and spit out the strptime/strftime format string needed to parse it.
Last week I decided to make such a tool and added a couple additional features that I hadn't realized I wanted until I was making it.
The tool to bookmark is at https://pym.dev/strptime 🔖
Details on how it works here 👇
https://treyhunner.com/2024/08/find-the-datetime-format-code-for-your-date/
#Python

2024-08-05 16:35:08

Need to copy an iterable in #Python? I usually recommend using the list constructor.
old = [2, 1]
new = list(old)
If you're CERTAIN you have a list, you could use copy:
new = old.copy()
I don't recommend slicing because it's hard to read 😐:
new = old[:]
The [*...] syntax works, but I find it less explicit than list(...):
new = [*old]
If you're accepting ANY iterable (duck typing! 🦆), I'd copy using list(...).
More on when I prefer list(...) and when I don't: pym.dev/using-list

2024-08-03 20:22:24

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/cc @npub1je3…xnas and @npub1nsp…ahke because you two mentioned this tool enough that I'm finally trying it out.

2024-08-03 20:18:56

I'm finally joining the Obsidian bandwagon. Trello's switch away from their old markdown editor prompted me trying Obsidian and I think it's going to stick.
As a new #Obsidian user, what should I look out for / look into? 🤔
My initial use case is as a kanban tool for my article/screencast ideas/outlines/drafts.
I may switch my daily journaling to Obsidian eventually as well and I might eventually switch much of my WorkFlowy use (meeting notes, brainstorming, daily to-dos, etc.) to Obsidian.

2024-08-03 15:39:42

- reply

2024-08-03 15:36:33

After almost 20 years, I feel like I've started using AIM again. It's just called Discord now.

2024-07-08 18:21:00

If you could add one feature to Python's standard library, what would it be and why?
#Python

2024-06-27 22:27:53

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I certainly did 😆

2024-06-27 22:26:04

Anyone else remember when we'd argue over whether YouTube's video-sharing service was better than Google's?

2024-06-25 21:09:17

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if civilization collapses, my suorce of B12 disappearing is not in my top 5 concerns 😆
I'm less concerned about my source of B12 as I am about ensuring I don't accidentally neglect it. Changing habits always risks something going a bit haywire.
I'd watched videos on this recently and also hadn't realized that no animals synthesize their own B12. Noticing a pattern, since the essential amino acids aren't animal-synthesized either.

2024-06-25 20:09:59

I was recently considering at what point I should consider supplementing B12 due to consuming few animal products.
I realized that I eat smoked oysters fairly regularly and plan to continue (they lack a central nervous system) and oysters contain B12.
I eat 1 can every 2-3 weeks and also consume at least 4 cups of Silk soymilk per week... between those two sources of B12, I don't think I'd really need supplements.
#vegan #oysters #b12

2024-05-24 00:59:41

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choosing to eat at a Mexican restaurant in the northern US twice in one conference is a LOT for this spoiled San Dieagan. 😜 It was very tasty.

2024-05-24 00:55:33

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we went to Condado twice. It was good! I didn't realize their online menu had more options.
@npub1d22…var7 I kind of wanted to attempt it with the food that was in front of me this year to see how absurd it was/wasn't.
Definitely seeking advice for next year though. I'll make note of yours. Thanks!

2024-05-23 23:45:09

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We live in a world of carnism & the 4 N's (eating meat is thought to be normal, necessary, natural, and nice).
I love the taste of nearly all meats and I've gone through my life eating animal products without thinking twice.
I'll definitely re-do this experiment at PyCon next year.
In the meantime, I'll continue my journey of modifying my eating habits by starting at home. It's easier to gradually remove dairy and egg products at home before I do so in environments I have little control over.

2024-05-23 23:45:09

- reply

2024-05-23 23:40:55

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One of the most disappointing meals was in the airport. I ordered a Beyond Burger, which was the one filling vegan option I saw on the menu. 🍔
A few minutes later, I was informed that they had run out of Beyond Burgers. 😭
I ended up ordering a pretzel, a salad minus the meat and cheese, fries, and broccoli. The pretzel may have involved butter and the salad ended up having cheese on it, but I gave up at that point. There wasn't really even a vegetarian option on that menu besides the burger.

2024-05-23 23:39:28

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Eating out took research, but the 4 restaurants I went to were fairly popular and had decent vegan options. 💗
The sprint days were a bit like the tutorial days for me. Free boring vegan hotel breakfast and unfilling vegan lunches.
Finding vegan food in spaces (like the hotel) that didn't label their ingredients and was very challenging and I found myself accidentally eating non-vegan foods. I ate cookies and other treats without thinking about the fact that they likely had dairy in them.

2024-05-23 23:38:46

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What about at PyCon?
Well, during the tutorial days the lunch was chicken salad minus the chicken. 🥗 I ate 2 lunches one day. 😢
I would have LOVED beans, peas, tofu, or quinoa in the salad. Our bodies don't need a ton of protein, but they do need SOME!
Fortunately, lunch during the 3 talk days was much better. The 2 dietary needs tables at the end of the lunch lines had a mix of gluten free and vegan options and the vegan options often involved quinoa, black beans, bread, and other proteins.

2024-05-23 23:37:50

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The hotel had some breakfast cereals that were likely vegan, but the only milk disperser was cow's milk. They also had a little fridge, but it had yogurts rather than non-dairy milks.
The vegan breakfast I settled on was an English muffins with peanut butter and jelly, oatmeal with raisins, and potatoes covered in hot sauce.
That wasn't bad, but I ate this same breakfast for 4 days, which got boring. If they'd had plant-based milk I would have loved to eat some bowls of various cold cereals.

2024-05-23 23:37:03

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My reasoning aside (always happy to chat about this though)...
How did this experiment go?
In short: it was painful (given the food that was around me) and I kept accidentally eating dairy!
First, the hotel breakfast... 🏨
I ate the free breakfast in my hotel on tutorial and sprint days. They had heated containers of eggs, sausage, potatoes, biscuits, and gravy. I assumed the biscuits and gravy both had milk and butter in them, so only the potatoes were likely to be vegan. 🥔

2024-05-23 23:35:23

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More on why...
In 2020 I realized I was living with some cognitive dissonance that I'd never seriously considered.
Namely, I believe that:
1. The outcomes of my actions are more important than my intent
2. Most animals likely experience pain & pleasure within ~2 orders of magnitude of mine
3. Most farmed animals greatly suffer for most of their lives
3. Through my habits, I implicitly accept this suffering AND signal my acceptance to the economy
And yet I eat any and all meat that I can. 🤔

2024-05-23 23:34:13

I decided to be #vegan for the week of #PyConUS 2024. I put little effort into this endeavor but I did think about it during each meal.
I'd like to share how it went, but first I'll note why I did this.
Since early 2020, I've been attempting to gradually reducing the animal suffering I cause (as much as I'm individually able to).
I focused one-by-one on small habit changes that had large impacts (e.g. I completely cut out chicken first). After ~2 years of this, I was #vegetarian.

2024-05-21 12:53:33

I appreciate how supportive @npub1c23…7hg6 is of the #Python community, especially all the #PyConUS hashtag stats and I'm jealous of the little Python logo badge many of y'all have next to your names.
I've been posting on mastodon.social for a while and I have no meaningful complaints though (ever since the servers were upgraded!).
Should I switch to fosstodon.org? (Multiple select voting is allowed)
#Mastodon #AskFedi

2024-05-20 12:44:24

@npub1d3u…r8n4, I don't think we ran into each other at PyCon. At the sprints today if you're around. Otherwise, maybe next year?

2024-05-20 03:37:19

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pretty sure I missed meeting you. Next time!
[@adamghill](https://indieweb.social/@adamghill ) did I miss meeting you? Or were you the "Adam Hill" I met during lunch?

2024-05-19 15:54:00

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I asked for all 3 of the vegetarian tacos but vegan and they did it. You can also build your own tacos and they have plenty of vegan ingredients.
They weren't the tacos I'm used to in San Diego, but they were both spicy and delicious. I might even go there again before we leave... 🌮

2024-05-19 14:06:12

Come join me at 12:45 on the rooftop (4th floor roof at the tables) to play Cabo!
Grab your lunch at 12:30pm and then head on up! I'd love to teach you my favorite card game.
#PyConUS
https://files.mastodon.social/media_attachments/files/112/468/112/317/778/020/original/2f22be12b4c05836.jpg

2024-05-16 02:42:08

What are some of your favorite @npub1l9a…yneh tips? 💡
Reply and tag #PyConUS. 💖

2024-04-29 21:35:16

So before you remove that "else" statement, think about whether it makes your code more readable or not.
Read more 👉 https://trey.io/FlSco3
#Python #programming