OrangeSurf

grassroots leambitcoin
building & writing orange.surf
accelerating mempool

Public Key

npub18h0w55nsp839ezxnggf00jd2xc6yl0ht62mf5p8wwllu8s80wdcs83ws8m

NIP-05 Address

_@orange.surf

Profile Code

nprofile1qqsrmhh22fcqncju3rf5yyhhex4rvdz0hm4a9d56qnh80l7rcrhhxugpzemhxue69uhhyetvv9ujumn0wd68ytnzv9hxgqg4waehxw309a5xjum59ehx7um5wghxcctwvsg69knx

Publishing to

relay.nostr.band

hist.nostr.land

eden.nostr.land

Author Public Key

npub18h0w55nsp839ezxnggf00jd2xc6yl0ht62mf5p8wwllu8s80wdcs83ws8m

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Last Notes

2025-04-30 11:52:06

I've put some numbers together to help you determine whether the horse has already bolted regarding the use of bitcoin for non financial transactions.
49% the UTXO set is sub 1000 sat outputs
43% of transactions in the past 2 weeks had an OP_RETURN or were inscriptions.
https://blossom.primal.net/be33911765f6d7dc5f61fc459eb0415dc0966c9a113d33115e8b042b5b0f2612.png

2025-04-25 09:35:40

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Examples of users
The High-Ticket Merchant
Sells expensive goods with incoming funds straight into cold storage. Can’t (or won’t) leave a hot key online for CPFP, and asking the customer to bump the fee is awkward. An auto-accelerator guarantees confirmation so the product can ship without delay.
The Multisig Treasury Custodian
Manages a 3-of-5 vault for a family office. Gathering three signers to recreate an RBF transaction is slow and costly; the automated bump removes that operational friction.
The Air-Gapped Solo Stacker
Signs a single-sig transaction on an offline device just before boarding a long flight or going off-grid. With no way to reconnect, the auto-accelerator acts as a safety net if the initial fee estimate was too low.
Payroll Controller
Payroll is broadcast on Friday and the finance team is away for the weekend. If the mempool spikes, the auto-accelerator silently bumps the fee so employee pay doesn’t wait until Monday.

2025-04-25 07:39:51

You are making a transaction, you check mempool and set what seems like an appropriate fee, but then a new degen mint drops and your transaction gets buried. New transactions coming in push your transaction further back, and 24 hours later it's 10 blocks deep.
Fortunately you used Mempool Auto Accelerator with a 24h Time Delay trigger, and your transaction confirms in the next block.
I have 10 beta access spots, dm me.
https://blossom.primal.net/cb304169e7a2a3f54542da15f0695a1109f21a5ed9c3ee10fb75fc137f990576.png

2025-04-23 18:18:37

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Thanks for the mention!

2025-04-22 15:44:36

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Also excited to see
1) A renewed interest in transaction verification. Could this be the revival of the "server as a screen" concept the team presented in 2023?
> We want to give Bitkey customers easy ways to verify transaction details and other security-critical operations. First up is a software-driven feature we’ll bring to customers mid-year.
2) Hardware verification (on screen device?) and cold wallet config (FROST? orange.surf/bitkey-notes/)
> We’re also evaluating ways to provide even stronger transaction verification with hardware, and an optional cold wallet configuration for customers who don’t mind putting in a little more effort for more security.

2025-04-22 15:40:05

Very interested to learn more about the Privacy improvements. "Predicate blind signing" was mentioned previously by the team in their Oct 2024 post.
https://bitkey.build/building-in-the-open/
# Signing privacy
Predicate blind signing combines blind Schnorr signatures with zero-knowledge proofs that make assertions about transaction attributes. This allows the server to enforce signing policies without learning any identifying information about the transaction itself.
# Vault privacy
For transactions involving funds stored in the vault, the server only signs for the funds outside the vault, adding an extra layer of protection. To preserve privacy while proving funds exist, we use a zero-knowledge proof system similar to the proof-of-solvency approach utilized by exchanges. This method allows the app to prove to the server that sufficient funds exist for a transaction without revealing any specific details about wallet balances or transaction history.
#nevent1q…vcp7

2025-04-16 12:56:27

confused about the different mining options with
@OCEAN ? I've made a table to compare STRATUM (V1) with DATUM.
Will add in STRATUM V2 & DEMAND in the future.
http://poolcompare.orange.surf

2025-04-14 20:40:56

Miners use picks, not hammers
🔨 -> ⛏️
https://mempool.space/mining

2025-04-14 11:03:07

Babylon unstaking continue to account for a significant proportion of all bitcoin transaction fees, even hitting 50% on 11th April.
https://m.primal.net/QPBd.png

2025-04-08 10:27:40

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Shout to all our Community and Enterprise sponsors - your financial support enables the team to keep shipping great new features for the community.
If your company benefits from Mempool consider supporting us today and get Enterprise API's, Accelerator Pro & more!
Send me a message - let's figure something out!

2025-04-08 10:26:51

The Mempool Open Source Project® v3.2.0 is here 🚀
Highlights:
- Support for v3 transactions
- Support for anchor outputs
- New UTXO bubble chart on the address page
- DATUM miner tags
- Tags to identify runestone messages and inscriptions
- Package broadcast
- Stratum job data visualizations
- Taproot multisig labels
- Transaction & PSBT preview feature
- Address poisoning detection
https://github.com/mempool/mempool/releases/tag/v3.2.0

2025-04-02 02:38:26

who could have predicted this
https://m.primal.net/QBNr.png

2025-03-27 13:09:01

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OS woz ere

2025-03-22 10:45:13

People were desperate to get into block 888888
https://m.primal.net/PouX.png
https://m.primal.net/PouV.png
https://m.primal.net/PouF.png

2025-03-14 12:52:12

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wow that's a lot of links

2025-03-14 12:51:42

I just published a new read on Nostr!
Introducing a new interactive block visualisation tool - Grid
Check it out:
#naddr1qv…wfsg
https://blossom.primal.net/f5fea412459fafc7cdd773fc80c71f62e0c9afba7e90fff0465b8c7e874fafb1.png
https://highlighter.com/a/naddr1qvzqqqr4gupzq0w7aff8qz0ztjydxssj7ly65d35f7lwh54kngzwuallc0qw7um3qy88wumn8ghj7mn0wvhxcmmv9uqqk3mjd9jz6ar2wa5x6aqc09kyz

2025-03-09 16:32:07

What is the best long form criticism or caution regarding the strategic bitcoin reserve?

2025-03-09 16:29:18

Is there a nostr client for mobile (android and iOS) with an integrated self custodial lightning wallet?

2025-03-03 16:57:35

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can confirm
https://m.primal.net/PSYi.png

2025-03-03 16:27:32

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* correction
taproot 2of3 keypath is 59 vB cheaper (54%) than 2of3 segwit
taproot 2of3 scriptpath is 34 vB cheaper (31%) than 2of3 segwit

2025-03-03 16:25:42

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Very nice user experience and way cheaper than a 2of3 Segwit!
For 1in1out tx, the the 2of3 Taproot keypath spend is only 99vB (59% cheaper than 2of3 Segwit) and the scriptpath spend is 124.25 (34% cheaper than 2of3 segwit)
Amazingly the 2of3 taproot keypath spend is even cheaper than singlesig Segwit spend (10% lower)
https://m.primal.net/PSXO.png

2025-02-26 15:49:45

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PFHL-F83I

2025-02-05 09:12:32

Bitcoin block size distribution since 2009 📺
https://m.primal.net/ORJm.mp4

2025-02-04 21:25:22

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Yep, there are a few new projects which take the same approach as inscriptions for adding large amounts of data via the witness - if they take off it could be back to a higher growth rate, but my guess is that green and blue are reasonable lower and upper bounds of what I expect

2025-02-04 21:09:53

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Yeah consolidating has privacy tradeoffs. Many other ways to use blockspace, maybe you are making lightning channels, moving to multisig, or just making regular on chain payments with lower fees than lightning (for large spends)!

2025-02-04 21:07:37

Green, Blue or Red? https://image.nostr.build/3ec2aa05de77b7495bb552c6999498ce57956afded79b6fc2b1dded1ede78591.png

2025-02-04 18:43:29

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When life gives you uncontested blockspace, make transactions

2025-02-04 11:57:29

New research report just dropped.
https://research.mempool.space/block-size-report/

2025-02-03 10:22:51

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Power to the people

2025-02-02 18:49:29

Q/ Wait how is the Mempool now 22 blocks deep!!?
A/ Well this one address (
Possibly “CoinCola” from a quick search) is associated with 926+ chunky consolidation transactions which are now in the mempool. Nature is healing.
https://mempool.space/address/1PM46U2c5LhkcQXnHwfwQU6V1y4F4L7Ct4

2025-02-01 23:36:28

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Some may argue it's not a "real mempool clearing" until we have 6 consecutive unfilled blocks
That last happened with block 775147 on ‎2023-02-05

2025-02-01 23:32:05

Today we had 3 consecutive 'unfilled' blocks with at least 25% unused blockspace.
The last time that happened was block 786635 on 2023-04-23
https://m.primal.net/OMBv.png

2025-02-01 17:25:47

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They had some help from various supporters including https://megawatthq.com

2025-02-01 17:19:53

Blockspace cost (Fee Rate) over the past 6 months.
How has your on chain behavior changed as a result of this volatility?
https://m.primal.net/OLes.jpg

2025-02-01 17:17:25

Beautiful to see this!
At 881PH/s the guys had 6:1 odds within 24h.
Calculate for yourself at https://bitaxe.oramge.surf
#note1pj9…e96w
https://m.primal.net/OLek.jpg

2025-02-01 17:09:18

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Sick

2025-02-01 17:02:59

After listening to the recent @jack @ODELL chat on @CITADELDISPATCH 150 I am taking the initiative to kick start a discussion
nostr devs, what do you think of a “VIP mode” algorithm in which one post is shown from each person you follow before showing other content, because for me everyone I follow is a very important person.
#note1psp…eeuj

2025-01-27 18:10:02

What do you understand by the term “solo mining”?
1. Build your own templates
2. Earn 100% of the reward
3. Both
4. Other

2025-01-27 08:39:49

The most recent block had a 1 input 1 output transaction with a fee rate of 1.02 sat/vB.
194 sat fee to send 600 sats.
https://m.primal.net/OCUV.png

2025-01-26 22:04:52

How are you taking advantage of unreasonably cheap blockspace? https://image.nostr.build/42a31789a507f378922e3664d0eae41dd62ee634252efc9a32a655048eac8cac.jpg

2025-01-26 13:36:52

Attempting to summarise how different mining options compare.
What did I get wrong? (e.g. You fool, C4 should be ...)
DM if you want to access the sheet to make suggestions
https://m.primal.net/OBCi.png

2025-01-15 09:37:57

satoshi describing how users could mine directly into custodial accounts in 2010
https://m.primal.net/NhXg.png

2025-01-01 13:17:36

What are you building in 2025?

2024-12-16 13:32:08

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Here is the announcement presentation by Kevin Hurley, posted November 4
https://m.primal.net/Mxpc.mp4

2024-12-16 12:34:14

Any bitcoiners opined on spark yet?
https://spark.info/

2024-12-13 11:20:51

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https://m.primal.net/Murn.png

2024-12-13 11:20:30

meet fragment
fragment demonstrates how a bitcoin website can display user provided information, like transaction notes.
🔐 The notes are stored in the URL and processed entirely by your browser - this data is never sent to the web server.
At @mempool we can do custom integrations to show your users data within the mempool transaction page they know and love. Interested? Get in touch ✉️
Experiment yourself at the link below 👇
https://fragment.orange.surf

2024-12-12 23:39:45

After 5 months in the mempool this transaction acceleration confirmed 17 minutes after submission.
https://m.primal.net/MuWQ.png

2024-12-12 06:54:40

https://m.primal.net/MtmN.png

2024-12-11 16:30:53

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We know there are miners running v28, so I assume those services are not running, or they are and a miner running v28 hasn't found a block since they received the transaction

2024-12-11 16:18:25

Don't sleep on opentimestamps & SimpleProof
https://m.primal.net/MtGb.png

2024-12-11 14:59:25

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This transaction has an effective fee of 80 sat/vb but has been in the mempool.space mempool for 4 weeks. It is a Pay to Anchor which anyone can spend.

2024-12-11 14:58:33

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A brave new world of bitcoin fee payment possibilities

2024-12-11 14:58:14

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only miners on v28.0 or later will accept it in mempools. I guess none upgraded before it was originally broadcast.

2024-12-11 08:35:38

It's been 4 weeks and this remains the most interesting transaction in the mempool.
https://mempool.space/tx/8e94fbaaccf5ece97f66a7809a2b89ee1c5f0d61e83a4f33d21edf44e91111d6
https://m.primal.net/MsqM.png

2024-11-29 22:41:03

You can easily get transactions into blocks with a single digit sat/vB bid
Do you have any idea what a steal that is?

2024-11-23 19:59:27

future scaling debate rages on, meanwhile block space is currently so cheap that over the past 90 days runes have accounted for
- 56% of transactions
- 31% of block weight
- 31% of transaction fees

2024-11-21 14:29:56

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a massive correction

2024-11-21 14:25:14

Tired of waiting?
Use Mempool Accelerator like this bitcoiner did.
DM me if you want more info
https://m.primal.net/MdHQ.png

2024-11-18 14:47:49

DIY https://satskull.com/
https://m.primal.net/MaFA.png

2024-11-15 23:17:55

Custodial lightning wallets are good. https://image.nostr.build/115cc0c354adaf6ed80269fa77609f8eb5aa4f811138ace02a73ac97ecd865bd.jpg

2024-11-13 08:30:45

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7 different pool tags in 7 blocks looked unusual, but running the numbers this has happened 31,966 times (3.67% of the 870086 possible sequences of 7 blocks).
Antpool mined the next block, so there were ultimately 8 different pool tags in 8 blocks, but that too has happened 12,285 times (1.4% of the 870086 possible sequences of 8 blocks). The last 8 block run of different pool tags was block 868916 to 868923, just 8 days ago.
* treating unknown blocks as being from "unknown pool" so pinch of salt.
https://m.primal.net/MBme.png

2024-11-13 06:49:23

👀
https://m.primal.net/MBio.png

2024-11-11 23:49:23

https://image.nostr.build/c7ec691f2d61b895f6dc387bc761943107e8a77b8a26ccc80489255f19d527c9.jpg

2024-11-07 21:37:23

https://image.nostr.build/627bc85f1b3f28d98826768c30945315a22eef5071e4b7716ccd9ddc459d48be.jpg

2024-11-03 22:53:26

As the mempool clears out, many chunky consolidations are confirming after languishing for months
For example this one was pending for 10 months
https://mempool.space/tx/cca0828bc94c1f9d2cc16a56f724e455b76b138e4de4c2f6eb66554209d275a3?mode=details
First Seen
2024-02-07 07:23:09 UTC
Unix time: 1707290589
Confirmation Time
2024-11-03 22:45:09 UTC
Unix time: 1730673909

2024-11-03 22:20:00

At 2 Sat/vB block space is practically free, great for coffee purchases

2024-10-12 21:00:52

Learn to process raw .blk data directly

2024-10-11 12:59:20

I'm excited for DATUM to bring back coinbase tag flame warshttps://m.primal.net/LSTu.png

2024-10-11 08:00:56

Why would it be concerning if the coinbase outputs of block 539209 were all spent?

2024-10-01 21:03:05

I think we will be hearing a lot more about Core Untouched Soft Forks (CUSF).
I was skeptical, but knowing 60% of pools are merge mining I think it’s worth paying attention.
If you hear or read any useful discussion (pro or anti CUSF) let me know
https://cusf.orange.surf

2024-09-30 07:56:11

IYKYK
https://m.primal.net/LGPR.png

2024-09-27 13:13:30

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This is a great read and addresses some awkward truths.

2024-09-26 18:43:16

In addition to quality topics the editing of the Bitcoin Brief is top notch. Give it a listen #note18ek…9ra2

2024-09-26 18:27:18

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https://research.mempool.space/merge-mining-report/

2024-09-26 17:00:42

In undertaking the latest mempool research report I was really surprised at the prevalence of merged mining.
60% of hashrate runs non bitcoin software altering their coinbase tx. How well reviewed & isolated is this code?
Would love to hear from miners

2024-09-26 06:59:23

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1) Wholesale Replacement
If the total amount being secured by all users of the device is significant *to the attacker* wholesale replacement is a real risk.
This doesn’t require a malicious party within the intended sharing group, just for someone to make an undetected substitution while the device is not in use.
2) Shared Access “done right”
Shared access “done right” requires the device to be kept secure at all times, requires each user to verify software signatures and have access to a computer to reflash their SD prior to each use. If the amount being secured is small a mobile wallet sufficient IMO. For larger amounts the users should use their own devices.

2024-09-25 11:20:23

If you are a bitcoin developer building something cool and you want tBTC4 coins for testing hit me up

2024-09-25 10:45:24

The (free) distribution of tTBC4 coins to bitcoin projects continues.

2024-09-23 07:33:18

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I'm avoiding speculation, just reporting what I see from the onchain data.
The gap does appear to be specific to only a subset (there are pools which didn't have any interruption) so I don't think it's an issue regarding the progress of the reliant chains.

2024-09-20 23:10:32

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It would appear that something caused all the pools in group 3 to behave in a similar manner at the same time. More research is required but I thought it was worth noting

2024-09-20 15:42:46

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Any Q's hit me up

2024-09-20 15:42:17

Just published the latest @npub18d4…6lt3 reseearch report for @npub1m7q…m4gz
https://research.mempool.space/merge-mining-report/

2024-09-20 08:19:44

Someone just spent a coinbase reward from blockheight 2247, less than 26 days after the genesis block, before the second difficulty adjustment 🤯
https://mempool.space/tx/77fe7a6eb5e98bf533cafb46b3b6863f0f1de629fc7f2c9726110e2a38615ba0#flow=&vout=0
https://mempool.space/tx/8bee6dbdbc09253ffbe51e35a910ef39428fc2ca05aa39ce0f1adaebbf8f2cfe#flow=&vin=0
tx by SaniExp on x

2024-09-20 08:06:38

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You ok bud?

2024-09-20 06:21:10

Gm nostr, who is working on nostr key rotation?
#asknostr
https://m.primal.net/KvWO.jpg

2024-09-19 10:19:46

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It was pointed out that this is related to the babylon staking / withdrawals that was going on some time ago.

2024-09-19 08:21:43

Mempool Watch 👀
Check your mempool and the recent blocks... you will see hundreds of high fee transactions that are all the same... let's explore
https://m.primal.net/Kudt.png
The txs have a 0.05 BTC input and are being spent with a fixed 64,000 sat fee, overpaying by 42x!
In total, this entity just spent almost 0.4 BTC in fees!
And it wasn't a consolidation so they will spent the same in the future if they keep their hardcoded fee.
https://m.primal.net/Kudv.png
All of the transactions have a P2TR tapscript which implements a 1-of-1 AND 6-of-9 multisig
One master key has to sign and in addition any 6 of the remaining 9 must sign.
This complex setup secured the 30 BTC that just moved in 600 individual transactions!
And this entity isn't done! They have another 30 BTC held in unspent transaction outputs (UTXOs), all with with the same scriptPubKey.
From this address
https://mempool.space/address/bc1purqv24xky3l7yf2gf48lsd3et7yc2gw38fj3laflf4g0fdm8xelq4u95fh
To this address
https://mempool.space/address/bc1pl6jh44pccwlzypk200wanc8gf4nwu6y9p458t50tdge0xn408thqay2r23

2024-09-14 20:48:24

Thankful for a great day
https://m.primal.net/KqCl.jpg

2024-09-14 06:11:51

Just sit still and wait
Energy across the sea
The sets are coming
https://m.primal.net/KpTD.jpg

2024-09-14 06:01:34

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Prior to sending the actual physical letter you could have a prediction market where anyone can indicate whether they think the physical verification will be successful.
The act of requesting verification would be a vote YES
Anyone could take the opposite bet (NO, this location is not legitimate).
Users who are good at consistently identifying false information would earn profit and be encouraged to continue.
This may generate high signal data more rapidly than your physical verification process can scale
Another benefit is that this could fund the verification process.
Once both sides of the bet exceeds the cost of doing the verification it could trigger. The winning side splits the winnings (losing side bets - verification cost) pro rata

2024-09-14 05:38:14

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🤙 thanks Nathan

2024-09-12 21:06:27

Why are some bitcoin blocks empty?
Discussion
https://stephanlivera.com/episode/588/
Report
https://research.mempool.space/empty-block-report

2024-09-12 06:49:22

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Did you consider how a prediction market of sorts could be used to economically incentivize identifying bad data?

2024-09-07 13:53:36

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Thought the video was attached to your post for a moment.
🤙
https://m.primal.net/KiFg.png

2024-09-06 18:42:32

Have you ever used testnet?

2024-09-05 17:32:11

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When you find out add to https://testnet4.com 👍

2024-09-05 15:44:05

There’s a two tier block space market
You’d best hope your fee estimator is legit
https://m.primal.net/KfeR.png

2024-09-05 10:02:52

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That's annoying, I have had other people successfully zapping. What app are you using?

2024-09-05 09:05:42

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Thanks Dean ⚡️Would you use this?