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The Old Philippines in Watercolor: Wonders from the Gironella Album 🇵🇭

In the mid-19th century, long before photography became widespread, the Philippines was vividly documented through the delicate strokes of José Honorato Lozano, a Filipino master watercolorist renowned for capturing the life and landscapes of the archipelago during the Spanish colonial period. One of his most remarkable surviving works is the Gironella Album, formally titled “Album – Vistas de las Islas Filipinas y trajes de sus habitantes – 1847” (Views of the Philippine Islands and Traditions of Their Inhabitants – 1847), housed in the Biblioteca Nacional de España (National Library of Spain).

Commissioned by Gervasio Gironella, a high-ranking Spanish colonial official in Manila, the album offers a rare and comprehensive visual record of 19th-century Filipino society. Comprising 82 leaves—78 of them illustrations and four musical scores—the album depicts everyday life, traditional attire, and scenic vistas of the Philippines with striking detail and color. Lozano’s work is not only artistic but anthropological, preserving glimpses of cultural identity, class distinctions, and colonial hierarchies. Often classified under the Tipos del País (Types of the Country) genre, his illustrations display a refined style that blends European techniques with local sensibilities.

Remarkably well-preserved for over 150 years, the album resurfaced into public awareness in 2000 during an antiquities conservation conference in Madrid. The Gironella Album remains one of the most intact and detailed visual records from the Spanish colonial period in the Philippines. As a testament to the power of illustration in shaping historical memory, it continues to offer insight into the Filipino way of life, not just as colonized subjects but as people vividly seen through their landscapes, music, and garments—rendered by one of their own.

Credit: NoVice

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